They are performed
only by men and are often complex circular
formations to represent designs of lotus
and other designs considered magical
religious and auspicious.
The choreographical pattern of the dance,
the floor designs made by the dancers,
is similar of the paintings seen on
the walls of huts. Through these designs
whether on the floor or walls, through
paint and colour or through dance, ritual
is held and spirits are invoked. This
is another aspect of the fertility cult.
is mother aspect of Navratri. A cloth
called Mata ni Pachepi, where the adventures
of the seven mothers, is painted. The
mother, one of the seven archetypes,
is painted in the centre and she is
surrounded by her devotees and Bua,
the magician-priest. At the end of the
month the Bua wraps the cloth around
him and sings and dances with Virgin
girls carrying pots of sprouted corn
finally, the pot at immersed in the
waters of a river. In all cases, the
object is always either burnt or consigned
to the waters. The Rasa follows.
The most impressive
artistry of the Rasa dances of Gujarat
and Saurashtra is displayed in the
Dandiya Rasa by men. It is a counterpart
of the Garba of the women. The dancers
use sticks at the end of which tiny
bells (ghungrus) are tied so that
they give off a clear jingling sound
when they strike one another. This
dance has a very complicated rhythm
pattern and even though the dancers
begin in a slow tempo, the dance develops
in such manner that each person in
the circle not only performs a solo
dance with his own sticks, but also
has a complex multiple relationship
with both his partners on either side
as also partners opposite him in the
circles. The circle keeps breaking
sometimes into two concentric circles
and sometimes into three or four circles
within the orbit of a larger circle.
The dancers of
each concentric circle then weave
patterns with each other and with
members of the other circle. There
is a great deal of freedom in the
movements and sticks are beaten in
standing, sitting or lying position.
Occasionally, the men weave patterns
of an intertwined rope in a circle;
they lie on the floor with the two
sticks being beaten above their heads
and chests; sometimes instead of hands,
the feet hold and strike the sticks.
The Dandiya Rasa is obviously of ancient
origin and of ritual significance.
From what one can gather from Sanskrit
dramas, it became in course of time
a popular, and is mentioned in Rajshekhar's
Karpur Manjari.
Each community
has its distinctive dance patterns.
The Garba of Gujarat
is the most popular women's folk dance
of Gujarat. During Navratri, a pot
is ceremoniously placed attractive
designs are made on the pot and a
light is placed inside. Village girls
bearing pots (garbis) on their heads
go from door to door and dance around
the respective house.
The leader of the
group sings the first line of the
song while the rest repeat it in chorus,
the beat being produced clapping hands
or striking sticks in unison. At every
step they gracefully bend sideways,
the arms coming together in beautiful
sweeping gestures, up and down, left
and right, each movement ending in
clap.
The Garba is indeed
a ceremony in which everyone can take
part irrespective of caste or social
position. The dances are accompanied
by drums (dholak) and the vocal women.
The songs of the Garba are often history
and melodious and have been handed
down through generations. The origins
of the seem to be a tribal dance revolving
around a hunt; later it was transformed
into an agricultural ritual dedicated
to the goddess Ambika. Today it is
a social dance at all levels of society.
In essence, it continues to be a fertility
dance.
There are variations
in the garba different regions communities
and dancers have involved their own
style and steps. In Gujarat, as in
Rajasthan, tribal, rural and urban
life is interlinked. While the tribes
respond to the natural environment,
the forest, the sea or the desert,
the agricultural community moves around
the mother-goddess. She is worshipped
as an icon or painted image or painted
scroll or as a symbol - an earthen
pot (garbi) or a bamboo or wood structure
mandavi. The ritual of the Navaratra
of the sowing and sprouting of corn
for nine days and the climax through
a variety of dances links agricultural
and urban societies. Today in the
cities and town the dance is a social
activity and entertainment rather
than religious agricultural or fertility
symbol.
Ahmedabad
is one of the greatest places to enjoy
Navratri. All kinds of Rasa-Garbas,
Dandia ras etc. are practiced in this
period, feasting and fasting are important
cultural aspects of this day, and
various rituals are performed at temples
of the 9 Goddesses of Hinduism. The
atmosphere is electric and revelry
is in the air. The best places to
enjoy the atmosphere of Navratri in
Ahmedabad.
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Besides
Ahmedabad, tourists can witness the
Navratri celebrations at :
Baroda
:
110 kms
from Ahmedabad, the city of Baroda
is famous for the celebrations of
Navratri. The Laxmi Vilas palace
of Baroda, rated among the 5 grandest
palaces of India, is the site for
folk dances organised by the royal
family of this princely city. Often
there are many good hotels in Baroda.
Poshina
:
180 kms
from Ahmedabad, in the triballands
of Sabarkanta, Poshina is where
you can see the harvest celebrations
of the Garasia and Bhil tribals,
besides villagers of the Hindu and
Jain faith. There is a heritage
hotel at Poshina.
Balaram
:
167 kms
from Ahmedabad, Balaram is a place
of pilgrimage in the Arravalli hills.
Between Balaram and Ambaji, tribal
women dance on the days of Navratri.
There is a palace resort at Balaram.
Ambaji
:
180 kms
from Ahmedabad, Ambaji is one of
the most reversed temples in Gujarat
during the 9 days of Navratri. Prayers
are performed and dances can be
witnessed in the fore-court.
Pawagadh
:
Around 70
kms from Ahmedabad, the fortified
hilltop temple town of Pawagadh
has Kali temples worshipped by thousands
of pilgrims during Navratri.
Kutch :
An overnight
journey from Ahmedabad, Kutch witnesses
colourful tribal and rural fairs
during Navratri specially on the
7th-8th days.
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